PIANC Smart Rivers 2022

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Due to climate change and rapid urbanization, coastal flooding has become one of the most widespread natural hazards threatening people's lives and assets globally. Flood modelling has now provided an indispensable tool to support coastal flood risk assessment and management and inform the planning of cities that are more resilient to flooding.
     Hydraulic structures, e.g. sluice gates and pumping stations, play an important role in coastal flood risk management. However, direct simulation of those hydraulic structures is not a current practice in 2D coastal flood modelling. In this work, robust computational methods are developed to consider the effect of hydraulic structures. Sluice gates are accurately captured by integrating the calculation into the flux term of the shallow water equations. A source term coupling approach is used for pumping stations to better reflect the actual hydrodynamic process. The new fully coupled modelling system enables more accurate simulation of the transient flood hydrodynamics interacting with different types of hydraulic structures. And it can be applied to predict the multi-source flooding processes induced by intense rainfall, upstream high flow and storm surge. Besides, the improved flood modelling is implemented to achieve high-performance computing on multiple GPUs to significantly improve computational efficiency. 
    To validate the new coastal flood modelling, it is applied to simulate and reproduce a flood event induced by Typhoon "Lekima" in 2019 in Yuhuan, Zhejiang Province, China. This event was clarified as multi-source floods interacting with hydraulic structures to multi-process flood dynamics, which is challenging for accurate simulation using existing hydrodynamic models. At 3m resolution, the model is able to simulate the complete process of the flood event in nearly 3.5 times faster than real-time by NVIDIA Tesla K80, demonstrating the efficiency and robustness of the new fully coupled model for high-resolution food modelling in cities. Further simulations are performed to systemically investigate the effect of hydraulic structures and different operational regulations on flood dynamics and associated risks, demonstrating the importance of directly considering hydraulic structures and their operations in 2D high-resolution coastal flood modelling.

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