PIANC Smart Rivers 2022

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Abstract : *(250~1000 words)

In IJmuiden a new navigation lock “Zeesluis IJmuiden” is built, providing larger vessels access to the Port of Amsterdam in the near future. The new lock will be the largest lock in the world and in preparation of its opening, scheduled in January 2022, more insight in nautical procedures and resulting mooring forces due to levelling and lock-exchange processes was needed. Therefore, a field measurement campaign was conducted in the North Lock of IJmuiden, which is currently the largest operational lock of the Ijmuiden lock complex with a length of 400 m, a width of 50 m and a depth of 15 m.

The IJmuiden lock complex forms a boundary between fresh (North Sea Canal side) and salt water (North Sea side) and density currents generate the most dominant loads on moored vessels during the lockage process. During the field test campaign mooring line forces were measured and simultaneously the density distribution in the lock chamber was monitored to provide better understanding of the governing hydraulic processes.
    
In anticipation of even larger mooring forces in the New Lock of IJmuiden -due to its larger dimensions and expected vessel sizes- it was also investigated whether innovative mooring solutions could be applied in a lock and would help to increase safety of lock operation. The ShoreTension system was used for this in the field test campaign. ShoreTension is a dynamic mooring system that has been developed for port operations and is already successfully applied worldwide at several terminals. The working principle of the ShoreTension system is that a cylindrical shaped unit, attached to the bollards on a quay wall, exerts a constant tension to the ship’s mooring lines. This requires no electricity except for an external hydraulic system which only needs to be used once to initialize ShoreTension at the correct pretension. After that, the cylinder of ShoreTension hydraulically moves along with the force variations in the mooring line.

How such a dynamic mooring system would perform in a lock setting was however not known yet. This paper provides an overview of the performed tests and will present clear insight in the most important hydraulic processes leading to mooring loads in sea locks. It also shows possible benefits and limitations of applying the ShoreTension system in lock operations. The knowledge obtained within this project and presented in this paper aims to make future operation of navigation locks safer.

The research project was performed as part of TKI-Delta Technology program and supported by Deltares, Dutch Pilot Association, ShoreTension, Arcadis and Rijkswaterstaat.

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