PIANC Smart Rivers 2022

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Abstract : *(250~1000 words)

Brazil is the world's largest producer of soybean followed by the United States. These two countries accounting for roughly 68.7% of world production. The United States Department of Agriculture estimates a world production of 363.3 million tons of soybean in the 2020/2021 season, which represents an increase of 6.9% against the previous period. According to the US Department of Agriculture, Brazil is expected to produce 137 million tons of soybean in the 2020/2021seasson, representing a share of 37.7% of the world production. The largest soybean producing region in Brazil is the Midwest, followed by the southern region. Between 2010 and 2020, the exported volume of soybean rose from 29.1 million tons to 83 million, respectively, representing a raise of 185%. This growth of soybean production and exports was also followed by a significant increase in Brazilian ports operations. Antaq’s data shows that in 2010, 38 million tons of soybean were handled in Brazilian ports; in 2015, it rose to 64 million tons and in 2020, it jumped to 104 million tons. The soybean exports are drained by nine logistic corridors which correspond to roughly 37,000 km of transport routes, divided into: road (23,600 km), rail (9,200 km) and waterway (4,000 km). The following port complexes are part of these corridors: Itacoatiara; Santarém; Santana; Belém/Barcarena; São Luis; Salvador; Vitória; Santos; Paranaguá; São Francisco do Sul and Rio Grande. Over the past decade, the exports through the logistics corridors of the Northern Arch of Brazil, which comprises the ports located in the northern region and the Port of Itaqui (located in the northeast region), increased significantly, with port facilities investment, mainly in the region of Miritituba and Itaituba, in the Tapajós River Corridor. It is expected that Ferrogrão, a railway project connecting the 933 km from Sinop (Mato Grosso state) to Itaituba (Pará state), will consolidate the Tapajós River Corridor as one of the most important corridors to the grain flows and it will help to reduce freight prices. The objective of this paper is to present the recent change in the grain exports flows through the Northern Arch of Brazil and discuss the potential impact of Ferrogrão rail in the Brazilian logistics of grain exports. For it, at the first item will be presented the importance of Brazilian soybean and corn production in the world market and the main producing region in Brazil; in the second item will be presented the main logistic corridors for grain exports; in the third item will be presented the Northern Arch logistic corridors; in the fourth item will be presented the Ferrogrão railway project and in the fifth item will be presented the final considerations.

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