PIANC Smart Rivers 2022
Reviewing full paper
Topic:
Inland Navigation Structure
Logistics
River System Management
Smart Shipping
Special Sessions
Waterway Infrastructure
Title:
Author(s):
Author
1
Name:
Affiliations:
Region:
Afghanistan
Albania
Algeria
America
Andorra
Angola
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Armenia
Aruba
Australia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Bahamas
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Belarus
Belgium
Belize
Benin
Bermuda
Bhutan
Bolivia
Bosnia and Barbados
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Botswana
Brazil
British Virgin Islands
Brunei
Bulgaria
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cambodia
Cameroon
Canada
Cape Verde
Cayman Islands
Central African Republic
Chad
Chile
China
China(Hong Kong)
China(Macao)
China(Tai wan)
Colombia
Comoros
Costa Rica
Croatia
Cuba
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Denmark
Djibouti
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Estonia
Ethiopia
Falkland Islands
Faroe Islands
Fiji
Finland
France
Gabon
Gambia
Georgia
Germany
Ghana
Gibraltar
Greece
Grenada
Guatemala
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Hungary
Iceland
India
Indonesia
Iran
Iraq
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Kiribati
Kuwait
Kyrgyzstan
Laos
Latvia
Lebanon
Lesotho
Liberia
Libya
Liechtenstein
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Macedonia
Madagascar
Malawi
Malaysia
Maldives
Mali
Malta
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mexico
Micronesia
Moldova
Monaco
Mongolia
Montenegro
Morocco
Mozambique
Myanmar
Namibia
Nauru
Nepal
Netherlands
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Niger
Nigeria
North Korea
Norway
Oman
Pakistan
Palau
Palestine
Panama
Papua New Guinea
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Puerto Rico
Qatar
Romania
Russia
Rwanda
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent And The Grenadine
San Marino
Sao Tome and Principe
Saudi Arabia
Senegal
Serbia
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
Singapore
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Solomon Islands
Somalia
South Africa
South Korea
Spain
Sri Lanka
Sudan
Suriname
Swaziland
Sweden
Switzerland
Syria
Tajikistan
Tanzania
Thailand
Togo
Tonga
Trinidad and Tobago
Tunisia
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Tuvalu
Uganda
Ukraine
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
United States of America
Uruguay
Uzbekistan
Vanuatu
Venezuela
Vietnam
Wallis and Futuna
Western Samoa
Yemen
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Email:
Is corresponding author or not (one only):
Author
2
Name:
Affiliations:
Region:
Afghanistan
Albania
Algeria
America
Andorra
Angola
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Armenia
Aruba
Australia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Bahamas
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Belarus
Belgium
Belize
Benin
Bermuda
Bhutan
Bolivia
Bosnia and Barbados
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Botswana
Brazil
British Virgin Islands
Brunei
Bulgaria
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cambodia
Cameroon
Canada
Cape Verde
Cayman Islands
Central African Republic
Chad
Chile
China
China(Hong Kong)
China(Macao)
China(Tai wan)
Colombia
Comoros
Costa Rica
Croatia
Cuba
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Denmark
Djibouti
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Estonia
Ethiopia
Falkland Islands
Faroe Islands
Fiji
Finland
France
Gabon
Gambia
Georgia
Germany
Ghana
Gibraltar
Greece
Grenada
Guatemala
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Hungary
Iceland
India
Indonesia
Iran
Iraq
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Kiribati
Kuwait
Kyrgyzstan
Laos
Latvia
Lebanon
Lesotho
Liberia
Libya
Liechtenstein
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Macedonia
Madagascar
Malawi
Malaysia
Maldives
Mali
Malta
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mexico
Micronesia
Moldova
Monaco
Mongolia
Montenegro
Morocco
Mozambique
Myanmar
Namibia
Nauru
Nepal
Netherlands
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Niger
Nigeria
North Korea
Norway
Oman
Pakistan
Palau
Palestine
Panama
Papua New Guinea
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Puerto Rico
Qatar
Romania
Russia
Rwanda
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent And The Grenadine
San Marino
Sao Tome and Principe
Saudi Arabia
Senegal
Serbia
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
Singapore
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Solomon Islands
Somalia
South Africa
South Korea
Spain
Sri Lanka
Sudan
Suriname
Swaziland
Sweden
Switzerland
Syria
Tajikistan
Tanzania
Thailand
Togo
Tonga
Trinidad and Tobago
Tunisia
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Tuvalu
Uganda
Ukraine
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
United States of America
Uruguay
Uzbekistan
Vanuatu
Venezuela
Vietnam
Wallis and Futuna
Western Samoa
Yemen
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Email:
Is corresponding author or not (one only):
Abstract :
*(250~1000 words)
Purpose The goal of this paper is to create insights about the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats for inland navigation during crises. It offers a general overview by the evaluation of past crisis in a detailed SWOT analysis and provides a starting point for further research. Design/methodology/approach To acquire knowledge for the realization of the SWOT analysis we followed a three-step approach: First, a literature review on crises and their effects on transport modes was conducted. Second, we analyzed the European transport data over the past 20 years. Third, we interviewed experts about the ongoing COVID-19 crisis to allow insights about current developments which are not yet sufficiently reflected in the European transport data. This approach allowed to develop a detailed SWOT analysis which reflects the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of inland navigation during crises. Findings We identified in total four crises (i.e. the 2008/2009 financial crisis, the 2015 migration crisis, the COVID-19 and the climate crisis). We analyzed strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats for IWT regarding the four crises identified. Reliability can be mentioned as a strength of inland navigation, which is crucial in each crisis. The free capacities on European waterways, coupled with the high availability of vessels, contribute significantly to the reliability of the sector. A weakness, particularly during health crises such as the COVID-19 crisis, is the longer duration of the inland waterway transport. Goods such as medication etc. are often urgently needed, which makes a fast transportation necessary. In general, crises provide an impulse for transformation, resulting in chances for new developments and market opportunities for the inland navigation sector. In the case of the COVID-19-crisis, an initiation to digital transformation could be observed, e.g., a newly introduced paperless processing of shipping documents. A significant risk in crises is the strong dependence of inland navigation as a transport service provider on economic growth, industry and transport volumes. When certain industries are affected by crises, inland navigation is also concerned., e.g., if the steel industry produces less due to crises, the transport volume of inland navigation also decreases accordingly. Research limitations The SWOT analysis provides a broad overview of inland navigation during crises. A limitation is, that the various aspects identified within the SWOT analysis could not be dealt with in detail. More in-depth analyses are needed, therefore. Originality/value This paper includes the investigation on how the impacts of different crises on inland navigation can be converted into strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats for inland navigation. The paper provides an overview about different aspects, which are relevant in crisis times, it can be used as a basis for creating further research approaches. Furthermore, the results can be used by shipping companies, in order to prepare better for future crises. Acknowledgement This research study has received funding through the research project REWWay which is supported by viadonau.
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