PIANC Smart Rivers 2022

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The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, 1794 km long, is the second “Golden Waterway” in China, only after the Yangtze River. The Babao Lock project, a part of the waterway-regulation project of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, will be completed soon. It is the key project for connecting the south part of the Grand Canal to the second channel of the Qiantang River. The Babao Lock project, consisting of two locks with the size of 300m×23m×4.2m for each, allows cargo ships with a tonnage of 1000 tons to pass through, and the designed capacity is up to 42 million tons per year. The Babao Lock sits in the strong tidal bore area of the Qiantang River. Influenced by the topography of the estuary, the unique tidal bore is often referred to as “The World's Best Tide”, which can reach 15m high action on the building,the flow speed normally reaches 6~9 m/s and up to 10 m/s, while the pressure caused by the tide can reach 90~100Kpa, so powerful that it might damage the lock. This article discusses the features of the tide in this area, the type and the layout of the gate designed, and the scheduling of ships passing through the lock for safety and efficiency. Based on the tidal characteristics in this area, the lock is designed with two gates on the tidal side, one main gate and the other for blocking the tide. The main gate is designed as a herringbone gate with a 6.4m high unidirectional head. The tidal gate, outside the herringbone gate, is designed as a high-pressure vertical lift gate, 23m wide and 13m high. The tidal gate can also be used for access, while most times it is stored at the gate chamber in the lower lock head, and will be turned on only if there is a strong tide. Every tide requires the gate to be turned on and off once each. Trolley hoist is required to lift the gate vertically from the chamber and then move it horizontally to the gate slot to block the tidal force. The scheduling for the lock is designed according to the tidal patterns to account for both the efficiency under normal circumstances and the safety during times with strong tides. Finally, this article discusses the intelligent ship lock safety control system designed for the complex flow situations and the floating safety under the scheduling for the two parallel locks.

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