PIANC Smart Rivers 2022

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With the increasing significance of shipping to economic activities, waterway management has become an integral part of social development. Waterway regulation is one of the important measures to maintain the navigation conditions of rivers. Specifically, the regulation for the head section of bifurcations has been a difficult issue in engineering practices, because the water-sand diversion relationship near bifurcations is extremely complex, and this topic is still under investigation in both theoretical and engineering works. Traditional engineering measures for waterway regulations, such as regular groins and dikes, have achieved satisfactory results in engineering practices, but in some complex river sections, applying these traditional engineering measures alone is insufficient. This study explores the performance of sediment diversion groins (SDG), an uncommon remediation structure used in river regulations, in bifurcation channels to provide an in-depth understanding of the application of SDG for river management. Based on the measured topography and flow characteristics at the Shuangjiansha section in Fujiangsha waterway, a generalized three-dimensional model was established in this study, based on which the flow and sediment diversion effects of the SDG at the head of a bifurcation was analyzed. Different quantities, lengths, spacings, and widths of the SDG were evaluated using the numerical model. Based on the dimensional analysis method, the following dimensionless parameters were proposed to characterize SDG: the angle between SDG and flow direction, the ratio between the spacing and the length of SDG, the ratio between the height of SDG and the flow depth, the ratio between the projection length of SDG and the river width, and the angle between the SDG head connected lines and flow direction. Average flow velocity, U, divided by frictional flow velocity between SDG, U*, was used as the parameter to evaluate the diversion performance of SDG, and empirical relations between U/U* and the above dimensionless parameters were obtained. These relations can provide quantitative assessment for the selection of suitable SDG near the head of bifurcations and provided new ideas for waterway regulation and management.

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